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 What Is Mp Ict - Test 

The Panmalarial - Antigen Detected By The ICT Malaria P.f./P.v. Immunochromatographic - Test Is Expressed By Plasmodium Malariae 

The ICT Malaria P.f./P.v. Test is A Rapid Immunochromatographic - Assay, Manufactured In Test Card Form (2). The Assay Detects Plasmodium Falciparum-Specific - Histidine-Rich Protein 2 Antigen ( ( HRP2 ) (4) And A Panmalarial - Antigen. Recent Field Studies (5) Have Reported The Ability Of The Test To Detect Plasmodium Vivax, But No Data On Antigen Expression By P. Malariae Is Available. Dyer et - Al. (1) Reported a Failure Of The Test To Detect P. Malariae. In Contrast, We Here Present Evidence That The Panmalarial - Antigen Is Expressed By P. Malariae. 

Where (2, 5). Briefly, 10 μl - Of Whole Blood Is Added To A Sample Pad Containing Colloidal Gold-Labeled Antibodies Followed By A Buffer Reagent To Induce Cell Lysis. The Released HRP2 And Panmalarial Antigens Bind The Antibodies On The Pad. Antigen-Labeled Antibody Complexes Migrate Up The Test Strip, Where They Cross Two Test Lines And A Control Line. Interpretation Is P. Falciparum-Positive - If The HRP2-Specific - Line Is Visible, Whether Or Not The Panmalarial Antigen Line Is Seen. When All Three Lines Are Observed, The Test Is Interpreted As Indicating A P. Falciparum - Monoinfection - Or A Mixed Infection Of P. Falciparum - And Non-P. Falciparum - If Only The Control And Panmalarial Antigen Lines Are Noted, The Sample Is Positive For A Malaria Parasite Other Than P. Falciparum -

During Field And Hospital Studies In 2000, We Detected Three Cases Of Single P. Malariae Infections With The ICT Test (#ML02 - Lot 011190, Expiration April 2001), At Two Sites In Southeast Asia. A Blood Smear From A Hospital Patient In Sangkhlaburi - Thailand, Showed P. Malariae Infection By Giemsa - Microscopy (6,000 Parasites/μl), And This Observation Was Confirmed With Nested PCR Using Species-Specific Primers (3). Two Other Cases Of P. Malariae Infection Were Found In Patients From Mandalay Division, Myanmar, And Diagnosis Was Made By Acridine-Orange Microscopy And Confirmed By The Same Species-Specific Primers. The ICT Test For Both Patients Showed Only Panmalarial Antigen And The Control Lines. Parasitemias - Were Estimated To Be 1,260 And 2,025 Parasites/μl.

Another Patient With P. Malariae Infection From Sangkhlaburi - Thailand, Was Nested PCR Positive But ICT Negative. The Parasitemia (330 Parasites/μl) Of This Patient Was Much Lower Than Those Of The ICT-Positive Patients, Suggesting That The Threshold For Detecting The Panmalarial Antigen In P. Malariae Is On The Same Order Of Magnitude As That Of P. Vivax (J. R. Forney, - C. Wonsrichanalai, - A. J. Magill - J. Sirrichaisinthop, - And R. A. Gasser, Abstr. - 49th Annu. Meet. Am. Soc. - Trop. Med. Hyg., - Abstr. - 239, 2000).

The ICT Test Line Configuration Is Known For Its Limitations. When P. Malariae Appears With P. Falciparum - In A Coinfection, - It Is Not Possible To Assess Whether The Panmalarial Antigen Is Expressed By The First Organism. The Inability Of ICT To Differentiate Non-P. Falciparum - Species Also Limits Its Use As An Epidemiological Tool. In Areas Of Endemicity - Such As Myanmar, Where P. Vivax Is Not The Only Common Non-P. Falciparum - Species (3), We Can No Longer Assume That Samples With Plasmodium-Positive, P. Falciparum- Negative ICT Tests Are Due To P. Vivax. It Has Yet To Be Shown That Plasmodium Ovale - Can Be Detected With The Kit.

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